Everything about Monadnock totally explained
» This article is about the generic geologic term. For all other uses, see Monadnock (disambiguation):
Kopje and Koppie redirect here. Or you may be wanting the word "copy".
A
monadnock or
inselberg is an isolated hill, knob, ridge, or small
mountain that rises abruptly from a gently sloping or virtually level surrounding
plain. In southern and southern-central Africa, a similar formation of granite is known as a
kopje from the
Afrikaans word:
koppie. In fact the word
koppie is itself frequently employed in written South African English.
Monadnock is an originally
Native American term for an isolated
hill or a lone
mountain that has risen above the surrounding area, typically by surviving erosion. The name was taken from
Mount Monadnock in southwestern
New Hampshire (USA), in
Jaffrey. The name is thought to derive from the
Abenaki language, from either
menonadenak ("smooth mountain") or
menadena ("isolated mountain").
The word
inselberg is
German for "island mountain"; the name was originally coined to describe the abundant such features found in southern
Africa. The term monadnock is more usually used in the
US.
Formation
Volcanic or other processes may give rise to a body of
rock resistant to
erosion, inside a body of softer rock such as
limestone which is more susceptible to erosion. When the less resistant rock is eroded away to form a plain, the more resistant rock is left behind as an isolated
mountain. If the monadnock is dome-shaped and formed from granite-gneiss, it can also be called a bornhardt.
Examples of monadnocks
Notable monadnocks include:
United States
Australia
Uluru (Ayers Rock) and Kata Tjuta
Brazil
Sugarloaf Mountain in Rio de Janeiro
Canada
Gaff Topsails in Newfoundland
Mount Sylvester in Newfoundland
Hungary
Somlóhegy
Malawi
Mulanje Massif in Malawi
United Kingdom
Suilven in ScotlandFurther Information
Get more info on 'Monadnock'.
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